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HOPG

HOPG for STM / AFM applications

HOPG monochromators

Calibration Gratings

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Main page > Catalog

HOPG

TipsNano supply with Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG). It’s a type of pure, highly laminar graphite used as an atomic-scale calibration standard for atomic force microscopy and scanning tunnelling microscopy.

HOPG crystals are widely used as substrates in STM (Scanning Tunneling Microscopy). The most distinguishing features of HOPG which enable this application are a very smooth surface and electro conductivity.

HOPG has a layered structure which makes sample preparation very simple. By pressing a double-stick tape to a HOPG piece and peeling it off, one gets a fresh conductive surface which is very smooth. This surface can be examined in STM or serve as a substrate for other materials under investigation.

HOPG itself is an interesting object for STM investigations. One can measure the surface roughness, microscopic surface features, arrangement of the carbon atoms on the HOPG surface, etc. Besides, HOPG images at the atomic level can be used for calibrating STM for high-resolution imaging.

For use in STM the main HOPG parameters are the size of crystallites and the number of interlayer defects, which, in turn, defines the number of layers splitting of the sample. The mosaic distribution of crystallites doesn’t matter, so there is no sense to make measurement of FWHM that entails additional costs for selection and certification of the samples.

For monochromator application the mosaic spread is of primary importance, so each crystal must be certified by FWHM measured on a diffractometer.

Difference in the HOPG types:

For STM – HOPG samples are obtained at the certain annealing regime which provides the exact meaning of mosaic spread.

Graphite monochromators – it is the STM HOPG samples with individually measured FWHM on a diffractometer and divided in two groups depending on the mosaicity.

3 HOPG types (ZYA, ZYB, ZYH) which differ by meaning of mosaic spread are available.
Double-sided HOPG can be used from both sides and its properties are not changed in depth.
For one-sided piece the not working side is mat, glare less and can’t be cleaved. The number of working side cleavages of one-sided piece is limited in comparison with double sided substrate. The properties for one-sided piece are changed in depth.

ZYA_MQ2, 10x10x1.0mm

ZYA_MQ2, 10x10x1.0mm

Ask for availability before ordering! HOPG ZYA Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.55 ± 0.05 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0mm.

€305

ZYA_MQ2, 10x10x1.0mm

ZYA_MQ2, 10x10x1.0mm

Ask for availability before ordering! HOPG ZYA Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.55 ± 0.05 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0mm.

€305

ZYB_DS, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€183

ZYB_DS, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€183

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€148

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€148

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€170

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€170

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€183

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€183

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€253

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€253

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€114

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€114

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€160

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€160

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€205

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 0.8 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€205

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€137

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_MQ1, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 2.0 ± 0.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€137

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€114

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.2 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€114

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€76

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1mm.

€76

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€114

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€114

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€98

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_MQ2, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality for monochromators, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.0 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€98

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€148

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€148

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0mm.

€114

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1mm

ZYB_DS, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0mm.

€114

ZYB_SS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_SS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, single-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€100

ZYB_SS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYB_SS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYB Quality, Mosaic Spread: 1.0 ± 0.4 degrees, single-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5mm.

€100

ZYH_DS, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€114

ZYH_DS, 10x10x2mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x2mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 2mm.

€114

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5 mm.

€98

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1.5mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.5 mm.

€98

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0 mm.

€76

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1mm

ZYH_DS, 10x10x1mm

HOPG ZYH Quality, Mosaic Spread: 3.5 ± 1.5 degrees, double-sided, piece size – 10x10mm, thickness 1.0 mm.

€76

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